Blogpost by Sylvie Matelly and Ninon Borne -Within the European Union, the scale of the rearmament effort is particularly striking. Member States’ defence expenditure increased by around 31% between 2021 and 2024.

Report by Alice Moscovici and Phuc-Vinh Nguyen - One central constraint to large-scale deployment remains economic.

Blogpost by Arnaud Magnier - This annual address remains a fascinating political exercise, whose clearer signals, grey areas and underlying messages deserve close attention.

Blogpost by Nicole Gnesotto - After decades of strategic complacency, Europeans have indeed been brought back to the brutal reality of the balance of power.

Blogpost by Sébastien Maillard - Whatever term is used to describe the closer cooperation between Ottawa and Brussels, this substantial rapprochement establishes a new form of resistance to the brutalisation of the balance of power.

Blogpost by Bertrand de Cordoue - This priority is now firmly established and, given the geopolitical context, no one – not even in the so-called ‘frugal’ countries – disputes the prospect of a substantial increase in the funds allocated to it.

Blopost by Enrico Letta and Priscille Szeradzky - In a geopolitical environment shaped by intensifying competition among major continental blocs and by the imperative of economic security, the ability to mobilise financial resources has become a key lever.

Policy Paper by the Jacques Delors - Friends of Europe Foundation - In a world where economic scale translates directly into geopolitical clout, our internal fragmentation marginalises Europe in global decision-making processes

Report by Enrico Letta - Speed, Security, Solidarity: Empowering the Single Market to deliver a sustainable future and prosperity for all EU Citizens.